Churn



(No Model.)

A. JOHNSON.-

Churn.

PatentedApr i l 26,

WITNESSES ATTORN EY N-PETZRS, FHOTO-IJTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. 1.6.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABIJAH JOHNSON, OF RINGGOLD, GEORGIA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,725, dated April26, 1881.

Application filed March 10,1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABIJAH JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ringgold, in the county of Gatoosa, and State of Georgia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertaius. to make and usethe same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partially in section; and Fig. 2. a planview of the rectangular revolving frame and dasher. I

This invention has relation to churns, and is an improvement on theLetters Patent N 0. 213.287, granted to me March 18, 1879.

In the accompanying drawings similar letters of reference marked thereonindicate like parts of the invention. a

A is the body 0 the churn, and B the removable cover. V

M is a standart secured to the cover B, provided about the center of itslength with the sleeve 1), and at its top with the guide 0, in whichworks the hollow dasher-shaft (J.

In the sleeve bis journaled a shaft provided at its outer end with acrank, d, and at its in ner end with an angular gear, E, one of theradial arms of which is connected, by a pitman, e, to the dasher-shaft0, near its upper end. The teeth of the gear E mesh in a smallergear-wheel, F, having its bearing in the cover B. This gear-wheel F alsoforms a guide for the dasher-shaft (J, the said shaft passing through itfor that purpose The gear F is provided with a sleeve, f, projectingdown into the churn,the lower end of said sleeve being secured to therevolving rectangular frame H. The parallel sides h of this frame areset at such an angle that in revolving they will cause the milk to beforced inwardly to the center, where it can be the more effectuallyoperated upon by the dasher K. The dasher K has a threadcut in'itscenter, and a corresponding thread is cut on the lower end of the.openin g valve, 1.

churn where it will produce the very best effect. The shaft 0 is hollow,and at its upper end communicates with a chamber,L, provided with aninwardly-opening valve, 1. The cover also has a chamber, L, and anoutwardly- The object of these chambers and valves is to force acurrent'of air down through the hollow shaft G, and the body of themilk, causing it to circulate therein and pass out again, as will behereinafter more fully described.

The operation of the invention is as follows: As the crank d is operatedit revolves the wheel E, which gives an up-and-down motion to the shaft(J and its dasher K, and at the same time a circular motion to therectangular frame H. As the dasher K rises the valve l is opened, and asthe dasher descends the valve closes, thus forcing the air down into thechurn andthrough the body ofthe milk. thence finding its exit throughthe valve 1'. This valve 1 as it opens outwardly only allows theconfined air to escape, but prevents the ingress of air, and by thecombined action of the two valves a sufficient quantity of air is keptcirculating in the churn to greatly facilitate the operation ofchurning.

It will thus be seen that by very simple but effective and ingeniousmechanism the contents of the churn are thoroughly operated upon and thebutter produced by the expenditure of a minimum of time and labor.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claimas new and usefuland desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s-

In a churn, the valves Z Z, hollow shaft 0, dasher K, rectangular frameH, having an gu= lar parallel sides h, and the gearsEF, in combinationwith the pitman e and crank 01, sub stantially as and for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.ABIJAH JOHNSON. Witnesses J. A. MGLAIN, J. A. HooPER.

